Archive for the ‘winter garden’ Category

Snap Goes the December Cold Weather

Thursday, December 3rd, 2009

This morning I ventured into the garden to see what might be available to harvest for our weekly food bank donation. Even our hardiest kales are slowing production this time of year, and I didn’t expect to find much for this, our 26th week in a row donating weekly.

Early December Food Bank Donation

Early December Food Bank Donation

As well, I didn’t expect to find quite as crunchy, rock-hard, frozen ground. Yep, the cold snap is here & the garden is seizing up because of it. The sun is shining, but the ground is freezing. The weather reporters are even starting to threaten flurries this weekend and possibly a real snow event in the Seattle lowlands next week. As a longtime Seattlite, I’ve learned to “believe it when I see it”. I’ve also learned to get ready for just about anything. And, if you haven’t already winterized your garden, I encourage you to do so.

If you’re growing edibles, even hardy winter edibles like kale and broccoli, be sure they’re protected from freezing temperatures.

First Hoop House On Raised Bed

Be sure to shut your hoops in the cold!

If you have them inside a greenhouse, under a hoop house or inside a cold frame, most winter-hardy edibles should continue to thrive in temperatures hovering around freezing. If they aren’t protected, get out and harvest them asap or risk losing them in times of cold. A few of the exposed chard leaves I cut this morning were fairly frozen, but they’ll still make a great wilted greens side dish tonight. A few more nights out in that weather and the leaves will be completely shot though the plants may re-surge in spring.  I find chard, lettuce and bok choi the most tender of the winter veggies in my own garden.

If you’re maintaining a worm bin, don’t forget to check on their habitat. They’re probably fairly sluggish and in need of very little food right now. But, they do need a good layer of insulating leaves, shredded paper, straw or other bedding material to keep them from freezing. If you’re having an extra chilly season, consider starting up an indoor bin to keep some of your population fat and happy in the kitchen, pantry, cellar, garage or other protected location. Last winter I put together an indoor bin in 30 minutes, for under $20. Perhaps right now I better get that one rev’d up again before it freezes again tonight!

Looking for other garden winterizing ideas? Read on! (more…)

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Is Your Garden Ready for a Freeze?

Friday, November 13th, 2009

The cold wind blowing and the churning furnace pouring out warm air woke me early this November morning. Rain is hammering out of the sky, blown in circles by heavy winds near the planet surface driving it noisily into window panes.

Frozen Branches

Frozen Branches

And, weather reporters are warning snow may follow the morning downpours. Although I doubt we’ll see snow in the city, these reports — coupled with the ice we’re seeing on early-morning windshields — reminds me to get a few last minute freeze-proofing chores done this morning.

Hopefully, these tips will help you get ready as well. Who knows? Now that I said I doubt it will snow, it probably will send down a few flurries around town just to prove me wrong. (more…)

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Garden Coach Plant Profile on Azara Microphylla

Thursday, February 19th, 2009

When I’m garden coaching, consulting or doing a landscape design, I always strive to include year-round interest in the garden. So often we see fantastic gardens in Spring that look like a messy, ugly pile of dirt in mid-winter. In the Pacific Northwest there’s no excuse not to have something blooming to add visual interest, color, fragrance and food for wildlife all year.Whether its colored leaves, berries or blooms, our gardens can be fantastic year-round.

Tiny Chocolately Yellow Flowers on Azara Stem

Tiny Chocolately Yellow Flowers on Azara Stem

Azara microphylla is one of those special winter bloomers I adore and have pined for over the years. Not only is it evergreen, which adds interest during the most drab seasons, but it also blooms yellow in February and the blooms smell like chocolate. Sure, the blossoms are minute, but against dark green leaves and dusty-colored stems they pop. (And Azara is also available in variegated forms in case your garden needs some bright evergreen color!) But, really, it’s the fragrance that catches your attention first.

Last year I was thrilled to find one of my suppliers had resourced about a dozen tree-form Azaras. Generally, we find these for sale in 1-3 gallon containers. They’re a bit straggly to start and often slow to really get going. When I saw this treasure-trove, I dipped deep in the coffers to snatch one up. Heck, my garden wasn’t even ready for it, but I dove in anyway. It took this small selection of trees a long time to grow this big, and I had to pay a bit more to cover the cost the grower incurred bringing this fantastic tree to my garden.

Azara will Mature to Provide Evergreen Privacy

Azara will Mature to Provide Evergreen Privacy

That’s a lesson in itself — some bigger plants cost more and are worth it because it will take you years to mature one yourself. Other plants grow incredibly fast and are a better bargain bought small. How do you know which is which? Well, hire a garden coach to help! But, also keep in mind that sometimes a special plant purchase opportunity comes along only once in a blue moon. When that happens, it’s worth hopping on the deal so long as you are capable of caring for the contained plant until finding just the right home for it.  If you don’t you might run into a dry spell for a year, a season or many years during which that same special plant just isn’t available in the trade or isn’t available in the shape or size or at the price you dreamed of. Sometimes we design a planting plan in spring and have to wait until fall for certain forms, shapes or species to come into the nurseries. Gardening is a practice of growth and patience. In Azara’s case, a mature tree or even a small start is worth every penny — and every year you wait for it to come into its own!

Yesterday, I was walking past my Azara, which is positioned near a path, and the chocolatey-fragrance caught my attention. A tiny waft managed to get past the overwhelming perfume of nearby winter-blooming Sweetbox (aka Sarcococca), and I was charmed. This is the tree’s first winter in my garden, and it has blessed the space with its lovely yellow lights and candy charm. I’m smitten!

Interested in learning more about this great plant? Check out the Great Plant Picks page here. Want to see a mature Azara in action? Visit the Center for Urban Horticulture; a fantastic specimen is growing in the gardens near the library and seminar rooms.

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Can a Snow and Ice Damaged Shrub be Salvaged?

Thursday, February 5th, 2009

Paula from Vashon Island, WA writes:

I have a large Ceonothus that tipped over completely, downslope, after the December snow and ice storms. Several roots were damaged or destroyed. I have no clue how to right the shrub – it’s huge – or if I could prune it severely in order to handle it. Thank you.

Paula, your Ceanothus is not alone in sustaining this kind of damage this year. I’ve seen several that took a beating in our winter storms. Not only are they evergreens, which collect snow & ice loads readily, but they tend to be shallow rooted and oft-times weak-rooted. That combo leads to the kind of damage you’re talking about.

Since I can’t see the shrub, I’m not sure how badly damaged yours is. What I can tell you is that I have seen at least one that I believe will be salvaged with some temporary staking support. I don’t like to see shrubs and trees staked unless absolutely necessary. Too much staking, and they have no incentive to root in and hold themselves up. Instead, they may be lazy and rely on the stake to keep them in place. That said, a temporary crutch can be helpful.

So, you may try staking the the tree. Install ties that are flexible and won’t rub the bark. Install ties as low as possible on the trunk so the plant’s crown can move. And, be sure to check the stakes and ties regularly, adjusting positions as needed so that the shrub doesn’t grow over the ties. And, be sure to remove the ties altogether as soon as the plant has rooted itself in.

More great information on caring for trees and shrubs:

Lastly, you asked if you could prune the shrub severely to manage it. Probably not. Ceanothus is a woody, tree-like plant that should be managed as a tree. If you have broken or dead branches, taking those out is fine. But chopping hard on the shrub isn’t likely to restore it or, for that matter, create a good looking tree at all.

Thanks for writing in Paula!

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Robin’s View of Winter & Preview of Spring

Tuesday, January 27th, 2009

Today I woke up to more sprinklings of snow on the ground and flurries flying through the air. It was cold and grey and seemed like just another wintery Seattle day in January.

Robins Drinking & Bathing

Robins Drinking & Bathing

Then I caught sight of my namesake bird, the robin. Actually, a flock of them, gathering around an ice-water filled cauldron in my garden — the same cauldron that my great-grandparents used to wash clothes and cook. A flock of them was jumping through my beds scratching up layers of mulch looking for worms and grubs. And, they took turns hopping to the edge of the cauldron for a drink of fresh water, or in some cases a dip in an icy pool.

My mom always told me she named me Robin for the first bird of spring. (I was born a few days into spring, so her hope of naming me Spring didn’t quite fit. Though, I wouldn’t have minded the name at all!). Funny thing is robins really don’t seem to be the harbingers of spring, or at least not anymore. Maybe they’ve adapted or maybe they’ve really be hanging out in our gardens all winter and somehow we just didn’t notice. Granted, their red chests do turn a dull rusty-brown in winter, but to me, they remain distinctive — especially when they have a garden party feasting on fermented winter berries and then go falling down drunk from the tree branches, crashing to the soil, stunned in a drunken stupor.

Cauliflower Seed Germinating

Cauliflower Seed Germinating

So, if the robins weren’t my preview of spring, what in the world could be spring like on a snowy, icy day like today? Well, how about the first germinating seedlings in my 2009 vegetable garden? Yes, the cauliflower, kale and cabbage that I seeded just two days ago is already beginning to germinate. Yesterday, the seedling tray enjoyed bright, warm sunlight in a southfacing window. Today, the furnace continues to provide these babies with much-needed bottom heat, and there is some diffused wintery light filtering their way. It was a joy to see the seed casing breaking away, fuzzy rootlets pushing downward and just the hint of dicot leaves threatening to emerge. Spring, summer and fantastic homegrown food is not far into the future — even if it snowy and the robins are taking Polar Bear Club ice baths today.

Now if I can just keep my cat, Twinky, from trying to make the seedling trays into his own personal bed — stupid kitty keeps trying to lay on it and just slips off. I pray he doesn’t take the whole tray down on his next attempt. He has learned to hate the spray bottle. When I brought it over to mist the seedlings earlier today, he hightailed it out of sight. So, I’ve set the spray bottle next to the seedling tray as a warning. So far, today, so good. But, he’s bound to push my gardening buttons at some point soon.

Read more on the idea of robins as the first day of spring here.

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Be Patient with Your Gardener (Gardening) in Winter

Monday, January 26th, 2009

It’s 9pm. The news just gave me a typical mid-winter forcast of “maybe snow; maybe not” for tomorrow. The newscaster said, “As the radar shows, we’ll have light snow starting by 7am in the metro area. But it will turn to rain by mid-day.”

The radar actually showed it snowing until at least 6pm, but who am I to judge? I’m no meteorologist. I’m just a garden coach.

If it’s frozen and snowy tomorrow, I won’t be going to prune my client’s specimen japanese maple. Why? Well, for one thing, the roads may be a mess. For another, if it’s freezing out, I don’t want to risk breaking brittle, frozen branches. So, maybe I miss a job tomorrow. Sure, I’ve warned my client that I may or may not show up, but it’s frustrating for both of us. I need the work; she wants the tree cleaned up. Still, I’m very fortunate, she’s patient and understanding.

So, if you’re anxious to get something done (or have something done) in the garden this winter, just take a deep breath when mother nature doesn’t cooperate. Make a pot of tea and make the best of it. Soon enough you’ll be pulling weeds and digging up pathways and training vines on trellises like mad. Winter can only last so long, right?

More on when to prune (or not prune) here.

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Midwinter Garden Clean Up

Monday, January 19th, 2009

Finally Seattle is getting a weather break. The sun is out, and the sogginess is, well, a bit drier for the moment. It feels like Spring! This combo gives your itchy garden fingers the perfect opportunity to get a little work done before wintery weather returns…and you know it will. This is only January for goodness sakes!

Miscanthus Weighted with Snow

Miscanthus Weighted with Snow

Here’s a quick list of garden work items for a midwinter Spring break:

  • Cut back spent perennials: Cala Lilies turned to mush? Asian lily stems, mum stalks, gaura, erigeron, hosta, and peonies bent, browned and lurking? Cut them back now. Likely, you’ll see tight green growth below all the brown…well, except in the case of the lilies which are hiding deep in the soil. For a true gardener, this work is especially rewarding. I’m always finding treasures tucked into the beds; things that I’d forgotten since they were in their splendor months ago last spring/summer.
  • Cut back spent grasses: Miscanthus, switch grass and other true seasonal grasses are about done for the season. Yes, you can leave them up to catch the sunlight. But, if yours look anything like mine did after the snow, the garden will look better with them trimmed and tidy. Plus, if you cut them now, you won’t need to worry about damaging new growth that will start emerging, possibly, as early as next month.
  • Look for blooms: Last week I posted a few blooming finds in my garden for Bloom Day. Just a few days later while working in the garden I found even more Hellebores popping up their heads, a few primula blooming and lots of buds on my Azara to watch over the next few weeks; it will be blooming soon. Plus, as I crawed around on my hands & knees, fragrant Sarcococca perfumed the garden.
  • Cut out Crossing, rubbing, damaged, dead & broken stems and suckers: Deciduous plants are dormant. Seeing “bad lines” and damage is easiest when they’re in this state. Even if I’m working with a plant that has already set flowering buds, I may decided to remove a bad stem right now. Once it flowers and leafs out, I may have a hard time finding that problem spot — or I may forget about it entirely.
  • Weeds: It never ends, right? Creeping grasses are everywhere. Shotweed is popping up. Dandelion, which could make a fantastic winter salad green, is rooting in. But the soil is loose and moist. Everything is easy to pull, so get them out now!
  • Mulch and top dress: Yes you can! If you clean out a bed, yes you can mulch. While beds are dormant, adding mulch is a great chore to get done.
  • Examine Seedlings: Lots of little seedlings are popping up, and not all of them are weeds. If you know what to look for, you might find some fantastic babies to move around the garden. I found a huge crop of snow-in-a-mist yesterday…almost enough to give in and call it a weed!

There are plenty of other chores to work on, but that’s a great start. Avoid the temptation to rip out things that you think might be dead. Odds are many will come back to life next spring. True, I found a couple of plants that I’m certain are dead (my Eryssium-turned-tumbleweed, for instance). But, if you’re not sure, I encourage you to encourage the plant to keep on keepin’ on. Spring is months away. Right now, we’re just getting a tease!

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Bloom Day in Seattle — January 15, 2009

Thursday, January 15th, 2009
Camellia sasanqua 'Yuletide'

Camellia sasanqua 'Yuletide'

Today is Bloom Day, and I’m on board this time. Bloom Day started three years ago at May Dreams Garden; learn more here.

Despite a crazy winter, a few tenacious winter bloomers are showing their stuff in my garden. I didn’t bother to take photos of the battered pansies that have sad little blooms. Instead, I focused on a few fantastic shrubs and one perennial that are always the first to remind me that winter isn’t really all that bad…and that spring isn’t all that far away.

Enjoy!

This Yuletide Camellia was a Christmas gift from my brother-in-law about 6 years ago. It was a 1 gallon plant that I kept in a mixed container by the front door for the first 3 years. During that time, in a protected SW exposure, it bloomed regularly around Christmas. Now, happily plugging along, planted in the earth,  in an area that gets protected full sun throughout the day, it has turned into a January/February bloomer instead. Despite the bad break it had this winter, it’s blooms are still lovely.

Witch Hazel in January

Witch Hazel in January

During the snow storms earlier this winter, I became concerned that my resident hummingbird pair might be having trouble finding food. They visit my garden regularly and are usually battling off others to defend this delicious, organic territory that provides them with nectar, aphids and fresh running water. In December, with the ground covered with snow, all the birds were having difficulty. I can’t tell you how thrilled I was to see one of them flitting through my Witch Hazel the moment its first blooms opened earlier this week.

One thing to consider when buying a Witch Hazel is whether it releases its leaves or not in the fall. Mine, unfortunately does not. I prefer to see the blooms standing out beautifully against bare stems, and in the past I would clip off all the old leaves to create this effect. But, now that the shrub is much larger, I enjoy it for what it is — full of brown leaves and all. When I take cuttings for the indoors, which not only fill the house with bright yellow sunshine but also sweet fragrance reminders of spring, I do clip off the leaves.

Pink Helleborus Buds

Pink Helleborus Buds

Perhaps it is cheating to post this one, but because the flower buds are starting to show, I’m going to claim it anyway. My Heronswood Doublepink Hellebore is always the first one to start poking up blooms by early January. This beautiful perennial not only provides unique evergreen leaves year-round, but it blooms and blooms and blooms. And, I don’t need to worry about a freeze. If the blooms freeze up, they bounce right back once the weather warms — petals and all. I paid a pretty penny for a 4″ start of this plant at the real Heronswood on Bainbridge about 6 years ago, and it has really paid off. The Heronswood single Deep Purple isn’t far behind this one, but I’ll save that for another bloom day when it is showing off just a bit more.

Chains of Garrya flowers

Chains of Garrya flowers

And last, but not least, is my Garrya elliptica. This is its best year ever. Garrya is an evergreen shrub (sometimes small tree) that isn’t as well known as the aforementioned evergreen, winter-blooming Camellia. Yet, I think every garden should have one. I purchased this one as a tiny, twiggy, kind-of-pathetic one gallon about four years ago. I knew it was a relatively slow grower, but I’m a gardener, I have patience, right? Well, I’ve gone through one year with one bloom, another year with no blooms at all, and finally it now seems this plant is happy to really put on a show. Not only is it blooming, but it is firing up multiple feet of growth each year now. Perhaps it likes the supplemental water I’ve been giving it more regularly during the dry summer. Perhaps it just needed some time to get comfortable. I’m not sure. Regardless, if you’re thinking of adding a Garrya to your garden and have access to larger ones to start, I suggest spending a bit more and going bigger to begin with…unless you’re really patient.

Garrya Bloom Up Close

Garrya Bloom Up Close

I haven’t seen my hummingbirds going for the Garrya yet, but I imagine they’ve been out there. The chains of fluffy white flowers, which can get over 18″ long, have tiny little nectar openings that the hummers have attacked with a hungry vengence in years past. I’ll have to keep a better eye out over the next few days. Once the rains come, Garrya blooms usually fade quickly.  Given the fantastic length of this year’s blooms, I’m fairly confident I have a male plant here. That’s good news; they’re the showy ones!

So what’s “almost there”? Well, my Sarcococca is just about ready to open. I went sniffing around the shrubs to see if I could find any actually blossoming, but I think that will come next week. More Hellebores are also close. Flowering Winter Currant is starting to show bud case swelling. Bulbs aren’t making much of an appearance yet, but I suppose some early Teta a tetes, Primula and Hyacinth will be showing up sooner than later. It looks like my Daphne odora is also close. It took quite a leaf-burning turn this winter, but the buds haven’t lost hope. The true test will be whether it blooms and then gives up the ghost after or not. And, will my Azara bloom? I sure hope so. Sure, it’s year one in the ground in my garden, but it put on loads of vegetative growth. Hopefully, there’s a flowering bloom in there somewhere as well!

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Seattle Storm Plant Victims

Tuesday, January 13th, 2009

My fresh-from-the-shop pruning shears coupled with actual Seattle sunshine had me chomping at the bit to get out and do some garden clean up.

Yuletide Camellia with Hole

Yuletide Camellia with Hole

Sadly, once I got out there, I got a bummer of a reminder to be careful what I wish for — my just-starting-to-bloom Yuletide Camellia had sustained an awful break!

Honestly, I don’t think that the break happened during the storms. I tend to watch my winter bloomers pretty carefully this time of year. Any bloom in Seattle’s dreary winter is welcome. And, it wasn’t until today that I saw this horrible break. Could it be that the plant was weakened during the storm and split because of the warming? Maybe something crash landed on the branch and took it down — a crow fight might be just enough. Regardless, my freshly renovated shears’ first task was to finish removing the broken branches in the middle of an otherwise fantastic evergreen shrub.

Remaining Torn Trunk

Remaining Torn Trunk

Now, my Camellia has a big hole in the center and bad tear on a main trunk. I’m hesitant to remove the torn trunk because it is a major part of the plant. Yes, the plant will probably have difficulty walling off this tear, which will leave it open to invasion by pests and disease. But, if I remove the branch, I will take away much of its photosynthesizing power. Fortunately, I can take some time to mull this one over. As the plant fills in this spring, I may remove the rest of the damaged center. I might not. As any gardener will tell you, gardening is a set of choices. But once you cut something off, you can’t put it back on again.

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Planning a 2009 Veggie Garden…and More!

Monday, December 29th, 2008
Summer Garden Party

Summer Garden Party

December 2008 has been a rough month for Seattle gardens. Even before the first day of winter, snow and ice blanketed garden beds and temps stayed abnormally low. Now that the first round of real winter weather has passed, I find myself planning and plotting for the warm months of 2009.

Earlier today I read a disheartening article on gardenrant.com warning that what may appear to be organic isn’t necessarily so. And, it isn’t just that the organic food we pay a premium for could be the same as the non-organics. The problem is that the amendments we gardeners and farmers are buying may be tainted. So, short of building all our own fertilizers, soil, and raising our own seed, we may not ever be sure if our organic garden really is 100% so. Still, I have hope.

And I hope to translate that hope into reality this year by planning to start as much of my edible garden this year from seed as possible. It may be surprising to hear, but I often find myself picking up organic starts for many of my edibles. I go to local plant sales and reputable nurseries for them, and I grow them on in my little greenhouse until the time is right to set them out in my garden beds. Why? Well, honestly, I’m a very busy professional gardener, so my personal gardening time tends to suffer. But, this year I’m getting a jump start on things!

Over the past weekend, as I watched the last patches of snow melt away, I sat in my dining room with a notepad and seed catalog in hand. Recently, I discovered a local Washington seed supplier Irish Eyes. Irish Eyes offers a fantastic array of seed, much of which is certified organic and many are heirloom. To me, this is critical. In a world where Monsantos and others are buying up seed and claiming patents on what nature created, I seek to buy from the little guy who keeps ancient strains going and maintains seed that isn’t “Roundup-Ready”. So far my list includes several types of potato, carrots, broccoli, kale, lettuce, and beans. My pen is marking the pea and parsnip page, so my list isn’t done yet!

Greenhouse Abundance in August

Greenhouse Abundance in August

As well, I spent some time walking our garden spaces with my husband to determine the best spots for some of our garden changes for next year. Bob has a knack for building, and this year (along with all his other projects) he hopes to build a real greenhouse for us. (Last year we made due with a pvc-wire and plastic-zipper one that was a great start but doesn’t hold up — especially when I’m sick during a snowstorm and neglect to knock off the breaking snow weight. ) Bob determined that the footprint of this structure’s plans would work in our back garden. We also discussed tearing out the raised beds in our front garden to put in a second greenhouse there, but that may come in a few years and would allow us to keep a lot of food going year-round!

Red Fingerling Potato Plant

Red Fingerling Potato Plant

And, I do need to mention that we’re both very excited about putting in wooden bins for potatoes this year. In the past I’ve grown them in nursery tree tubs, which has worked pretty well. But, we’re up for a new technique that may yield much more food while looking a lot prettier than the ugly black tubs.

So, for those of you wondering what to do in the garden right now, my best advice is look and plan. Unless you have broken branches that need trimming, best to leave the garden be for now. The beds are saturated and susceptible to soil compaction if you start tramping on them. Perennials and annuals that finally gave up the ghost in this last freeze aren’t going anywhere. So I suggest spending your energy on planning for the months ahead. Get out those seed catalogs, measure beds, and dream of garden fresh tomatoes, fragrant summer phlox, and juicy blueberries. Order those seeds soon or a few months hence you may find yourself standing in line to buy spendy packs of seedlings instead of early-harvesting seed grown greens you can be proud of!

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